Discover the Rich History of National Cathedral, Washington D.C.
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| National Cathedral, Washington D.C. |
Outline
- Introduction
- History of the National Cathedral
- Founding and early years
- Construction and design
- Restoration and renovation
- Architecture and design
- Exterior features
- Interior features
- Stained glass windows
- Sculptures and artwork
- Significance and impact
- Religious significance
- Cultural significance
- National events held at the Cathedral
- Interesting facts
- FAQs
- Conclusion
Introduction
The National Cathedral, officially known as the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, is a stunning landmark located in Washington D.C. Known for its intricate Gothic and Byzantine architecture, the Cathedral is the sixth-largest cathedral in the world and one of the most recognizable buildings in the United States capital.
With its rich history, cultural significance, and important national events hosted within its walls, the National Cathedral is a must-visit destination for tourists and locals alike. In this article, we will take a closer look at the history, architecture, and significance of this iconic American landmark.
History of the National Cathedral
Founding and early years
The National Cathedral was founded in 1893 as a response to a call for a "great church for national purposes." Its construction was authorized by Congress in 1898, and the site was chosen on Mount Saint Alban, which overlooks the city. The Cathedral was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. and George Frederick Bodley, and the first stone was laid in 1907.
Construction and design
Construction of the National Cathedral continued for over 80 years, with the final stone being laid in 1990. The Cathedral's design is unique, combining elements of both Gothic and Byzantine architecture. Its 301-foot-tall central tower is the second-tallest structure in Washington D.C., and the Cathedral covers an area of over 83,000 square feet.
Restoration and renovation
Over the years, the National Cathedral has undergone several restorations and renovations, the most significant of which occurred after the 2011 earthquake that damaged much of the Cathedral's exterior. The restoration efforts cost over $30 million and included the repair of the central tower, the replacement of several stained-glass windows, and the reinforcement of the building's structure.
Architecture and design
Exterior features
The National Cathedral's exterior features several notable architectural elements, including its massive central tower, flying buttresses, and intricate carvings and sculptures. The Cathedral's façade is adorned with over 200 stone gargoyles, including a Darth Vader gargoyle that was added during the 1980s restoration.
Interior features
The interior of the National Cathedral is just as impressive as its exterior, featuring a nave that stretches over 200 feet, intricate stonework and carvings, and a breathtaking altar. The Cathedral's main stained-glass window, known as the "Creation Window," spans over 50 feet and depicts scenes from the biblical creation story.
Stained glass windows
The National Cathedral is home to over 200 stained-glass windows, many of which are world-renowned for their beauty and significance. In addition to the "Creation Window," other notable windows include the "Space Window," which features a piece of moon rock, and the "Warrior Window," which depicts images of soldiers from different eras.
Sculptures and artwork
The National Cathedral is also home to a vast collection of sculptures and artwork, including the "Baptistry Window" and the "Crucifixion Group" by Frederick Hart. The Cathedral's many chapels are also adorned with beautiful artwork and sculptures.
Significance and impact
Religious significance
The National Cathedral is the seat of the Bishop of Washington and is the second-largest cathedral in the United States. It is also a center of worship for Episcopalians and welcomes visitors of all faiths to its services and activities. The Cathedral has hosted numerous religious events over the years, including the funerals of several U.S. presidents and the consecration of several bishops.
Cultural significance
The National Cathedral is not only a place of worship but also a cultural icon. Its stunning architecture, artwork, and stained-glass windows make it a popular destination for tourists and photographers. The Cathedral has also been featured in numerous films and television shows, including "The West Wing" and "National Treasure."
National events held at the Cathedral
The National Cathedral has also played a significant role in American history, hosting several important national events. It has been the site of several presidential prayer services and has hosted inaugural prayer services for several U.S. presidents. The Cathedral also served as a gathering place for mourners after the September 11 attacks.
Interesting facts
- At present, the National Cathedral is known as the sixth largest cathedral in the world.
- The Cathedral's central tower contains 53 bells, including the largest bell in North America.
- The Darth Vader gargoyle on the Cathedral's façade was added during the 1980s restoration as a tongue-in-cheek nod to the Star Wars franchise.
- The National Cathedral is home to a rare rose window that was originally created for Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris but was sent to the United States for safekeeping during World War II.
FAQs
Is the National Cathedral open to visitors?
Yes, the Cathedral is open to visitors for tours and worship services.
Can I take photographs inside the Cathedral?
Yes, photography is allowed inside the Cathedral, but the use of tripods and flash is prohibited.
How much does it cost to visit the National Cathedral?
Admission to the Cathedral is free, but there is a suggested donation of $10 per person.
Is the National Cathedral still undergoing restoration?
While the Cathedral is constantly undergoing maintenance, the major restoration efforts following the 2011 earthquake have been completed.
Can I attend a worship service at the National Cathedral?
Yes, the Cathedral holds several worship services throughout the week, and visitors of all faiths are welcome to attend.
Conclusion
The National Cathedral is a remarkable landmark that showcases the beauty of Gothic and Byzantine architecture. Its rich history, stunning artwork, and significant role in American culture make it a must-visit destination for tourists and locals alike. Whether you're interested in history, art, or religion, the National Cathedral is a sight to behold.
National Cathedral, Washington D.C. Map
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